The Seafood in Schools project reached about 50,000 pupils in 2013/14, the final tally shows.
Two-day workshops were organised for 20 high schools, and transportation provided to allow pupils from 136 primaries throughout Scotland to join in.
In addition, a series of 20 one-day health and wellbeing days were organised for individual schools.
Trade body Seafood Scotland, which runs the scheme, said school visits were attended by more than 13,500 youngsters.
A further 12,000 children took part in an event at the recent Royal Highland Show in Edinburgh and 25,000 were reached through school projects, assemblies and other activities.
The programme teaches children from nursery age to school leavers where seafood comes from, how it gets to their plates via the wider food chain, why it is good to eat as part of a healthy diet, and what different species taste like.
It offers insights into fishing, aquaculture, processing, marketing, exporting, economics and transportation, and also encourages pupils to consider the range of careers available in the seafood industry.
Seafood Scotland spokeswoman Nicki Holmyard said: “These sessions help to reinforce messaging about the importance for all ages of eating seafood.
“We also provided continuing professional development sessions for around 1,000 teachers during the year, which means they are now more confident in using seafood as a context for learning in the classroom.”
Fisheries Minister Richard Lochhead said: “This has been a hugely successful year for Seafood in Schools and it is fantastic to see so many young people learning about fishing and aquaculture.
“This is key if we are to achieve our aims of Scotland becoming a good food nation.”
Seafood in Schools is funded by the Scottish Government, and also supported by Fish for Health, Seafish, the Scottish Salmon Producers Organisation, Scottish Fishermen’s Trust and Scottish White Fish Producers’ Association.