Anti-monarchists have said the Queen should be dropped as head of state if Scotland votes for independence.
Campaign group Republic said it would be “absurd” if the country declared freedom from the UK on “one bended-knee” so a sovereign living in another country’s capital.
It wants the Queen replaced with an elected, democratic head of state who would be publicly accountable for using taxpayers’ money.
Republic chief executive, Graham Smith, said: “The monarchy is wrong for Britain, it will be wrong for a newly-independent nation.”
The Scottish Government’s official position is the country would be a constitutional monarchy with the Queen as head of state in the event of independence in 2016.
But ministers say they recognise that some people have legitimate differences of opinion on the future status of the monarchy.
The SNP government’s white paper on independence says: “Those who hold them will make their case to the people of Scotland on these points and others in the 2016 elections and subsequently.
“It will be up to the people of Scotland to decide the approach that best suits our nation as we move forward.”
Republic, which says it is not taking a position on the referendum, is holding a conference – titled Yes or No, the monarchy Must Go – in Edinburgh tomorrow.
SNP executive member Duncan Ross, a Glasgow University academic, is among the speakers.
North-east Conservative MSP Nanette Milne said: “People will be concerned that a Yes vote could threaten the future of the monarchy in Scotland and the strong ties which have helped to build co-operation and peace across our nations for hundreds of years.
“The royal family are highly regarded in Scotland, with polling showing that a constant 80% of the public want to retain the Queen as head of state.”
The Rev Iver Martin, minister of Stornoway Free Church, said: “To lose the monarchy would be a massive societal loss for the people of Scotland.”
But Mr Smith said: “If Scotland votes Yes in September it would be absurd to claim independence on one bended-knee to a monarch living in another country’s capital.
“A nation is not sovereign while it has its head of state chosen by genetic lottery in another country.”
The Church of Scotland thinks monarchs should have a Scottish coronation if the country votes for independence.